The results of this scoping review highlight several implications and future directions for research and practice. Firstly, there is a clear need for more empirical studies to provide a comprehensive understanding of the short and long-term effectiveness and impact of GenAI tools. This includes exploring both text-based and multimodal-based tools and their specific applications in language education. Secondly, continuous and regular investigations are required to explore the ethical considerations and potential limitations of these fast-changing technologies. As GenAI tools continue to advance, there is a need to address concerns related to data privacy, security, and the responsible use of these technologies in educational settings. Thirdly, future research should focus on specific language skills, such as writing or speaking in different languages, to provide targeted interventions using GenAI tools. By understanding how these tools can support and enhance specific language skills, educators can develop more effective instructional strategies. Lastly, stakeholder engagement is crucial in shaping the implementation and use of GenAI programs [19].
